Microablative radiofrequency versus pelvic floor muscle training for stress urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is as yet unknown. The aim was to compare the effect of fractional microablative RF and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) against the combination of both therapies (RF + PFMT) in the SUI and on genitourinary syndrome (GSM). METHODS: This was a three-arm randomized clinical trial including 117 climacteric women with SUI. In group 1 the treatment consisted of three monthly sessions of RF; in group 2 it was 12 weekly PFMT sessions; in group 3 it was RF + PFMT simultaneously. Assessments at baseline and 30 days after the end of therapy were conducted using validated questionnaires and scales for urinary, vaginal, and sexual functions and cytology for vaginal trophy. RESULTS: Urinary scores improved significantly in all three groups post-treatment (p < 0.001) with a higher improvement in the RF + PFMT group (p = 0.002). One-hour pad test results were equal in the three groups. Vaginal symptoms showed an incremental improvement in RF (p < 0.007), and vaginal laxity showed a similar improvement in the three groups (p = 0.323). Vaginal Health Index score was more significant in RF and RF + PFMT groups. Sexual function improved in RF and PFMT. CONCLUSIONS: The association between RF and PFMT showed significant improvement in the SUI symptoms assessed by questionnaire. The vaginal symptoms and dryness showed greater improvement in the RF treatment and vaginal laxity showed similar improvement in the three groups. The combination of RF and PFMT in sexual function did not show benefits superior to those achieved by the therapies alone.

Rectovaginal Fistula in Women With Pessary for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Case Series and Literature Review.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we present a series of 2 cases of rectovaginal fistula (RVF) due to the use of a ring-type pessary in the conservative treatment of pelvic organ prolapse and a literature review on the management of RVF related to the use of pessaries. METHODS: Two patients were selected from the medical records of the urogynecology service, and their demographic and clinical data were retrieved. An updated literature review was included presenting cases of RVF induced by or after use of a pessary. RESULTS: Both patients evolved with removal of the pessary and correction of the fistula. The surgical procedures of choice were Le Fort Colpocleisis and posterior colporraphy without major complications. In the literature review, we selected 17 studies with a total of 23 cases reporting RVFs induced or followed by the use of pessaries. CONCLUSIONS: Although the pessary is commonly indicated for the conservative treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, this device is not exempt from generating complications.

Tilapia Skin for Neovaginoplasty after Sex Reassignment Surgery.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe a new technique of neovaginoplasty after a female sex reassignment surgery using a tilapia skin as a graft. DESIGN: Stepwise demonstration of a new technique with narrated video of a single case report. The patient provided oral and written informed consent. Moreover, this video report is part of a multicenter, Investigational Review Board-approved study. SETTING: Women's university hospital in Campinas, Brazil. INTERVENTIONS: Neovaginoplasty technique using tilapia skin with the following key strategies: (1) corpus cavernosum removal, (2) vagina tunnel creation, (3) mold coating with tilapia skin, (4) mold fixation, and (5) postoperative care. The patient remained with the mold coated with tilapia skin for 5 days; after this time, the mold was removed, and the tissue graft was adhered and incorporated in the new vaginal canal. After 2 months, the tissue resembled a vaginal mucosa, and the vaginal length was 8 cm. The patient has not had intercourse yet. CONCLUSION: We introduce an alternative for low-morbidity neovaginoplasty based on the experience of plastic surgery in burned grafts. The procedure described offers an alternative option to develop an anatomic neovagina with tissue similar to mucosa tissue by a simple, low-morbidity minimally invasive procedure.

The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on the prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD), specifically on urinary incontinence (UI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and fecal incontinence (FI). DATA SOURCES: A systematic review (PROSPERO registration no. CRD42017068452) with a literature search was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases for all publications related to BS and PFD, with no language restrictions, from inception to September 2018. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Two authors screened for study eligibility and extracted data. Only prospective cohorts assessing women with morbid obesity and the prevalence of PFD before and after BS in multiple academic and private centers were included. UI, POP, and FI were defined according to the International Urogynecological Association/International Continence Society joint consensus, and diagnosis was made based on self-report or questionnaires. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Our search strategy retrieved 957 results. Of those, 28 studies were included for full analysis, and 20 studies (n = 3684 patients) were selected for final analysis. The main reasons for exclusion were missing data before and after BS (n = 7) and combined data of men and women who underwent BS (n = 1). Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was the most common surgical technique. Pooled analysis (16 studies) showed that women had a mean body mass index reduction of 12.90 kg/m2 after treatment (95% confidence interval [CI], -14.82 to -10.97; p < .0001). The relative risk reduction was 67% (n = 19; odds ratio [OR], 0.33; 95% CI, 0.26-0.41; p < .0001) for UI, 52% (n = 5; OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.22-1.07; p = .07) for POP, and 20% (n = 9; OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.53-1.21; p = .29) for FI. Funnel plots for UI and FI did not suggest any publication bias. With regard to the standardized questionnaires for PFD, the International Consultation on Incontinence-Short Form, Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7 and its subscale Colorectal-Anal Impact Questionnaire-7, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20, and its subscale Urinary Distress Inventory-6 showed statistically significantly lower scores. Sexual function, represented by the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12, showed no statistically significant improvement after surgery. CONCLUSION: BS has a significant impact on reducing UI, but FI and POP, in obese women.

The effectiveness of aspirin for migraine prophylaxis: a systematic review.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:: Many researchers have suggested that aspirin prevents migraines. However, the evidence is unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the available evidence on the effect of aspirin as a migraine prophylactic. DESIGN AND SETTING:: Systematic review, conducted at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil, and at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS:: We performed electronic searches in the databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, WEB OF SCIENCE, the World Health Organization, CENTRAL and OpenGrey, and we also searched manually for interventional studies published before April 2016 that compared the effects of aspirin with a control, in adults. Two authors independently extracted data on the publication, population recruited, intervention (aspirin dosage, follow-up and combined treatment) and main outcomes (frequency, severity and duration of migraine). We evaluated the quality of the studies using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS:: Our search retrieved 1,098 references, of which 8 met the selection criteria for this systematic review. The total population was 28,326 participants (18-64 years old); most (96%) were men. The dosage varied from 50 to 650 mg/day across the studies. The risk of bias was generally low or unclear. The only outcome for which most of the studies included (6/8) reported a significant reduction was frequency of migraine, which was reduced at an aspirin dosage of at least 325 mg/day. CONCLUSION:: Aspirin can reduce the frequency of migraines. However, the optimal dosage is unclear.

The effectiveness of aspirin for migraine prophylaxis: a systematic review / Eficácia da aspirina na profilaxia da enxaqueca: uma revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Many researchers have suggested that aspirin prevents migraines. However, the evidence is unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the available evidence on the effect of aspirin as a migraine prophylactic. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review, conducted at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil, and at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: We performed electronic searches in the databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, WEB OF SCIENCE, the World Health Organization, CENTRAL and OpenGrey, and we also searched manually for interventional studies published before April 2016 that compared the effects of aspirin with a control, in adults. Two authors independently extracted data on the publication, population recruited, intervention (aspirin dosage, follow-up and combined treatment) and main outcomes (frequency, severity and duration of migraine). We evaluated the quality of the studies using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS: Our search retrieved 1,098 references, of which 8 met the selection criteria for this systematic review. The total population was 28,326 participants (18-64 years old); most (96%) were men. The dosage varied from 50 to 650 mg/day across the studies. The risk of bias was generally low or unclear. The only outcome for which most of the studies included (6/8) reported a significant reduction was frequency of migraine, which was reduced at an aspirin dosage of at least 325 mg/day. CONCLUSION: Aspirin can reduce the frequency of migraines. However, the optimal dosage is unclear.

RESUMO CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Muitos pesquisadores têm sugerido que a aspirina previne enxaquecas. No entanto, a evidência não é clara. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as evidências disponíveis para os efeitos da aspirina como um profilático da enxaqueca. DESENHO E LOCAL: Revisão sistemática, realizada na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brasil, bem como na Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas buscas eletrônicas nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, WEB OF SCIENCE, Organização Mundial de Saúde, CENTRAL e OpenGrey. Nós buscamos manualmente estudos de intervenção publicados antes de abril de 2016, comparando efeitos da aspirina com um controle em adultos. Dois autores extraíram independentemente os dados de publicação, população recrutada, intervenção (dose de aspirina, acompanhamento e tratamento combinado) e os resultados principais (frequência, gravidade e duração da enxaqueca). Foi avaliada a qualidade dos estudos com a ferramenta da Cochrane para risco de viés. RESULTADOS: A nossa busca recuperou 1.098 referências, das quais 8 preencheram os critérios de seleção para esta revisão sistemática. A população total foi de 28,326 participantes (18-64 anos); a maioria (96%) de homens. A dosagem variou entre 50 a 650 mg/dia em todos os estudos. O risco de viés foi geralmente baixo ou pouco claro. O único desfecho para o qual a maioria dos estudos incluídos (6/8) relatou redução significativa foi a frequência de enxaqueca, que foi reduzida com uma dose de aspirina de pelo menos 325 mg/dia. CONCLUSÃO: A aspirina pode reduzir a frequência das enxaquecas; no entanto, a dosagem ideal não é clara.

Incidence, clinical manifestations and clipping of nail psoriasis in the dermatology center of the Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often progresses with nail alterations. It is suspected that there is a correlation between nail psoriasis and enthesitis of the distal interphalangeal joint, seeming to serve as a predictor. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the profile of patients with nail psoriasis and correlate the presence of nail alterations with psoriatic arthritis, quality of life, extent of psoriasis and the histopathology of the nail. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study with 40 patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis and without systemic treatment. The patient profile was researched, including quality of life and evaluated for the presence of psoriatic arthritis. The severity of the skin psoriasis and the presence of nail lesions were evaluated. Nail fragments were collected and analyzed through clipping. It obtained 100% of positivity for psoriasis in the histopathology exam of the nail plate. RESULTS: Of the 40 patients, 65% were diagnosed with nail psoriasis. Suggestive findings of psoriatic arthritis in hands were present in 33%, being more frequent in those with nail alteration (p = 0.01). In 92.3% of patients diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis in the hands there was some nail injury. The most frequent injuries were pitting and onycholysis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with nail psoriasis are usually men, with worse quality of life and higher chance of psoriatic arthritis. The correlation between the nail involvement of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in hands confirms the association between these two forms. The clinical diagnosis of nail psoriasis did not correlate with the histological diagnosis.

Incidence, clinical manifestations and clipping of nail psoriasis in the dermatology center of the Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba

Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often progresses with nail alterations. It is suspected that there is a correlation between nail psoriasis and enthesitis of the distal interphalangeal joint, seeming to serve as a predictor. Objectives: To analyze the profile of patients with nail psoriasis and correlate the presence of nail alterations with psoriatic arthritis, quality of life, extent of psoriasis and the histopathology of the nail. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study with 40 patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis and without systemic treatment. The patient profile was researched, including quality of life and evaluated for the presence of psoriatic arthritis. The severity of the skin psoriasis and the presence of nail lesions were evaluated. Nail fragments were collected and analyzed through clipping. It obtained 100% of positivity for psoriasis in the histopathology exam of the nail plate. Results: Of the 40 patients, 65% were diagnosed with nail psoriasis. Suggestive findings of psoriatic arthritis in hands were present in 33%, being more frequent in those with nail alteration (p = 0.01). In 92.3% of patients diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis in the hands there was some nail injury. The most frequent injuries were pitting and onycholysis. Conclusions: Patients with nail psoriasis are usually men, with worse quality of life and higher chance of psoriatic arthritis. The correlation between the nail involvement of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in hands confirms the association between these two forms. The clinical diagnosis of nail psoriasis did not correlate with the histological diagnosis.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida após infarto agudo do miocárdio no período de julho a dezembro de 2011 em um hospital de Curitiba / Evaluation of quality of life after acute myocardial infarction in the period from july to december 2011 in a hospital of Curitiba

Avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes em até um ano após episódio de IAM. Estudo retrospectivo por meio de pesquisa de campo e coleta de dados dos prontuários de pacientes que deram entrada no pronto atendimento do Hospital Vita Batel de Curitiba com diagnóstico de IAM, no período de julho a dezembro de 2011. A avaliação da qualidade de vida foi feita por meio do questionário Mac New QLMI. Os dados foram descritos por variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas. Foi considerado como significância estatística valores de p<0,05. Foram avaliados 25 pacientes, com média de idade de 54 ± 13 anos, 68% do gênero masculino e 68% hipertensos. Considerando o escore de qualidade de vida (QV) global, a média foi de 5,4 ± 1,1 pontos. Pacientes hipertensos têm QV global significativamente pior do que pacientes normotensos (p=0,043). Na avaliação da QV separada categoricamente, a presença hipertensão também mostrou-se associada a piores escores de QV psicológica e física, com valores de p = 0,019 e 0,037, respectivamente. Da mesma forma, foi observado escores de QV social significativamente menores em mulheres (p=0,049), embora essa diferença não tenha sido detectada para as demais esferas da QV. Não houve impacto na QV dependente da idade, presença de dislipidemia ou tipo de tratamento realizado para o IAM. Conclui-se que a piora da QV de pacientes pós-IAM pode estar relacionada à presença de hipertensão arterial. Também é importante ressaltar que as mulheres apresentam maior prejuízo quanto à QV social. Mais estudos devem ser realizados, em busca de outros fatores que possam modificar a QV desses pacientes

The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life of patients within one year after an episode of AMI. Retrospective study through field research and data collection from medical records of patients admitted in the emergency room of the Hospital VitaBatel in Curitiba with AMI in the period July-December 2011. The assessment of quality of life was made through the questionnaire Mac New QLMI. The data were described by qualitative and quantitative variables. It was considered statistically significant p values <0.05.We evaluated 25 patients with a mean age of 54 ± 13 years, 68% male and 68% were hypertensive. Considering the overal score of quality of life (QoL) l, the average was 5.4 ± 1.1 points. Hypertensive patients have significantly worse overall QOL than normotensive patients (p = 0.043). QOL evaluation categorically separeted, also showed the presence of hypertension was associated with worse QoL scores psychological and physical, with values of p = 0.019 and 0.037, respectively. Likewise, it was observed social QoL scores significantly lower in women (p = 0.049), although this difference was not detected for the other spheres of QOL. There was no impact on QoL dependent on age, dyslipidemia, or type of treatment for AMI. It is concluded that the worsening of QoL of patients after AMI may be related to the presence of hypertension. It is also important to note that women have more social prejudice regarding QOL. More studies should be performed in search of other factors that will influence the QoL of these patients